ABSTRACT
We present three children with tinea incognito initially misdiagnosed as allergic contact dermatitis to face masks. All three patients presented with pruritic erythematous patches and plaques across the malar cheek and nose. This case series suggests that clinicians should keep a broad differential when evaluating mask-related facial dermatoses in children.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact , Facial Dermatoses , Tinea , Child , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Humans , Tinea/diagnosis , Tinea/drug therapySubject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects , COVID-19/prevention & control , Drug Eruptions/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Neutrophils/immunology , 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , COVID-19/immunology , COVID-19/virology , Dermatologic Agents/administration & dosage , Diagnosis, Differential , Drug Eruptions/drug therapy , Drug Eruptions/immunology , Drug Eruptions/pathology , Drug Therapy, Combination , Facial Dermatoses/drug therapy , Facial Dermatoses/immunology , Facial Dermatoses/pathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Rosacea/diagnosis , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Skin/immunology , Skin/pathology , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Acneiform Eruptions , COVID-19/prevention & control , Communicable Disease Control/instrumentation , Dermatitis, Contact/diagnosis , Dermatologic Agents , Facial Dermatoses , Masks/adverse effects , N95 Respirators/adverse effects , Rosacea/diagnosis , Skin Care/methods , Acneiform Eruptions/diagnosis , Acneiform Eruptions/etiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Dermatitis, Contact/etiology , Dermatologic Agents/classification , Dermatologic Agents/pharmacology , Diagnosis, Differential , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Facial Dermatoses/physiopathology , Facial Dermatoses/therapy , Humans , Referral and Consultation , Rosacea/physiopathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus infectious disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in health care workers donning personal protective equipment (PPE) for extended periods. OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study were to review facial PPE (surgical masks and N95 respirators) ingredients, to identify facial PPE resterilization techniques, and to recommend strategies for prevention and management of facial PPE-related dermatoses. METHODS: Twenty-one facial PPE (11 N95 respirators, 10 surgical masks) were reviewed. Resterilization techniques were identified. Personal protective equipment-induced occupational dermatoses and management strategies were explored. RESULTS: Polypropylene is the most common chemical identified in facial PPE. Most masks contain aluminum at the nosepiece. Two surgical masks released nickel. Facial PPE dermatoses include irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, acne, and contact urticaria. Strategies for prevention and management of facial PPE occupational dermatoses are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: There are increasing reports of occupational dermatoses associated with facial PPE. This review discusses the components of facial PPE, mask resterilization methods, and strategies for prevention and management of facial PPE dermatoses.
Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Occupational/etiology , Facial Dermatoses/chemically induced , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Personal Protective Equipment/adverse effects , COVID-19/prevention & control , Dermatitis, Occupational/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , HumansABSTRACT
Given the current lack of a therapeutic vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), preventive measures including mask wearing are crucial in slowing the transmission of cases. However, prolonged wearing of protective respirators, medical and fabric masks can easily generate excessive sweating, moisture and friction. Closed and warm environments heighten the skin's permeability and sensitivity to physical or chemical irritants, leading to chronic cumulative irritant contact dermatitis or, rarely, even allergic contact dermatitis. Although not representing a life-threatening condition, contact dermatitis can have a significant impact on emergency management, as it is potentially able to reduce work performance and create emotional discomfort due to the involvement of evident body areas. To minimize the skin breakdown, adherence to standards on wearing protective and safe equipments and avoidance of overprotection should be performed. At the same time, some measures of skin care are recommended. Here, we offer some tips on how to prevent and manage contact dermatitis due to masks not only in health care workers, but also in the general population during this COVID-19 outbreak.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/prevention & control , Dermatitis, Contact/prevention & control , Dermatitis, Occupational/prevention & control , Facial Dermatoses/prevention & control , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control , Inhalation Exposure/prevention & control , Masks/adverse effects , N95 Respirators/adverse effects , Skin Care , Administration, Cutaneous , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Anti-Allergic Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , COVID-19/transmission , Dermatitis, Contact/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Contact/etiology , Dermatitis, Occupational/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Occupational/etiology , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Humans , Inhalation Exposure/adverse effects , Occupational Health , Protective Factors , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to evaluate the skin problems and dermatological life quality of the health care workers (HCWs) due to personal protection equipment (PPE) use, who are at high risk for COVID-19 infection. A questionnaire about HCWs' PPE use, their skin symptoms, and prevention, management methods and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was fulfilled. The median age of 440 participants was 33.5 (21.0-65.0) years old. Skin problems were found to be 90.2%, the most common were dryness, itching, cracking, burning, flaking, peeling and lichenification. The presence of skin problems (P < .001) was higher in those who did not use moisturizers. Of all, 22.3% (n = 98) stated that the use of PPE increased the severity of their previously diagnosed skin diseases and allergies (P < .01). Only 28.0% (n = 123) stated that they know the skin symptoms that may develop by using PPE. The proper hand washing rate was higher as education level increased (P < .001). Skin problems were higher in those using mask with metal nose bridge (P: .02 and P: .003, respectively). As the mask using period prolonged, acne was more common (P: .02). DLQI was significantly affected in women (P = .003), and with increased skin problems related to PPE (P < .001). It is important to organize trainings on prevention and management of possible skin symptoms due to PPE use according to guidelines.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/prevention & control , Dermatitis, Occupational/etiology , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Hand Dermatoses/etiology , Hand Disinfection , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control , Personal Protective Equipment/adverse effects , Personnel, Hospital , Quality of Life , Adult , Aged , COVID-19/transmission , Dermatitis, Occupational/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Occupational/therapy , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/therapy , Female , Hand Dermatoses/diagnosis , Hand Dermatoses/therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , N95 Respirators/adverse effects , Occupational Health , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Young AdultSubject(s)
Dermatitis, Occupational/diagnosis , Dermatology , Health Personnel , Occupational Health , Personal Protective Equipment/adverse effects , Telemedicine/organization & administration , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Coronavirus Infections/transmission , Dermatitis, Occupational/etiology , Dermatitis, Occupational/therapy , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Facial Dermatoses/therapy , Hand Dermatoses/diagnosis , Hand Dermatoses/etiology , Hand Dermatoses/therapy , Humans , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control , Occupational Health Nursing , Pandemics/prevention & control , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Pneumonia, Viral/transmission , SARS-CoV-2 , Telemedicine/methods , WalesSubject(s)
Betacoronavirus , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Dermatitis, Occupational/etiology , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Health Personnel , Pandemics/prevention & control , Personal Protective Equipment/adverse effects , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Adult , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections/transmission , Dermatitis, Occupational/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Occupational/prevention & control , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/transmission , SARS-CoV-2 , Young AdultSubject(s)
Acne Vulgaris/etiology , COVID-19 , Cell Phone Use/adverse effects , Cell Phone , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Acne Vulgaris/diagnosis , Acne Vulgaris/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Epidemics , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/epidemiology , Female , Humans , India/epidemiology , Male , Masks , Telemedicine , Young AdultSubject(s)
Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Sweet Syndrome/diagnosis , Sweet Syndrome/drug therapy , Amides/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage , Biopsy, Needle , COVID-19 , COVID-19 Testing , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods , Coronavirus Infections/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Erythema/diagnosis , Erythema/etiology , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/etiology , Female , Fever/diagnosis , Fever/etiology , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Middle Aged , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/pathology , Pyrazines/administration & dosage , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Sweet Syndrome/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methodsABSTRACT
Little is known about itch related to the use of face masks. This internet survey study investigated the prevalence, intensity and clinical characteristics of itch related to the use of face masks by the general public during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 2,315 replies were received, of which 2,307 were included in the final analysis. Of the respondents, 1,393 (60.4%) reported using face masks during the previous week, and, of these, 273 (19.6%) participants reported having itch. Subjects who reported sensitive skin and atopic predisposition, and those with facial dermatoses (acne, atopic dermatitis or seborrhoeic dermatitis) were at significantly higher risk of itch development. The high-est rating of itch for the whole group on the Itch Numeral Rating Scale was 4.07 ± 2.06 (itch of moderate intensity). Responders who wore masks for longer periods more frequently reported itch. Almost 30% of itchy subjects reported scratching their face without removing the mask, or after removing the mask and then scratching. Wearing face masks is linked to development of itch, and scratching can lead to incorrect use of face masks, resulting in reduced protection.